Ethnocentrism in Todays Church - 1092 Words

ETHNOCENTRISM IN THE CHURCH TODAY Introduction Ethnocentrism is the act of seeing one’s ethnic tribe better compared to those of the others. This stereotype has with time crept into the religious foundation irrepressibly. Currently, the church is experiencing a wave of ethnocentrism which if not curbed will see a religious waiver. Overall researches locally and internationally prove that ethnocentrism is an ant to the timber-pillar supporting the church; with time it will eat into it and cause a major downfall. Discussion... Manifestation and Effects of Ethnocentrism Of foremost challenge is that ethnocentrism brings about division within the ellipsis of church organizations. The latter is propelled by the fact that ethnic†¦show more content†¦Indirectly, this vice makes the Christians fail to be the light of the world as God requires of us, consequently making us sinners. Due to division of church members and split ups over the recent past caused by ethnocentrism, there has been an impulsive opening of many churches. The split ups have brought about many mysterious religious denominations that have distorted and biased the gospel truth. The distortion of the gospel is what has instigated mushrooming of many cult churches that teach contrary to the word of God. Ethnocentrism has therefore instigated the existence of false teachings most of which are bound to transform their members into ardent devil flocks. As it is the responsibility of the church to oversee events even those that are outside the clerical premises running successfully, it’s of late failing. Henceforth, ethnocentrism of such nature keeps lagging the nation from completing the political metamorphosis it started since independence. The Pauline epistles dwell much on the issue of ethnocentrism in the church, since the vice was present in the early church. 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Volkswagen The Outrageous Corporate Scandal Of 2015

Volkswagen: The most outrageous corporate scandal of 2015 There is a very fine line between what is morally right or wrong. As a student of this subject, I believe it all depends on a company’s ethical conduct that how likely it’s going to perform in the long run (Bob Worcester, 2007). The ‘week 4’ assignment enabled me introspect myself and bring out some of the core ethical values which I believe are inherited by me and should be inculcated by all business leaders. These core ethical values are honesty, fair/rational behaviour, dedication, emotional intelligence and bravery. Sometimes, values such as honesty and rationalism can be difficult to abide in all situations but such ethical practices build grounds of trust and loyalty with people who take interest in the business such as staff, external competitors, shareholders, customers and other entities (Chron. Alyson Paige). When employers deal honestly and rationally with their staff, employees are motivated to drive the business forward. Creditors and investors express confidence by funding company development and consumer confidence is positive. As a consequence, their organizations will have a greater chance at achieving longevity and profitability (Jean Thilmany, 2007). But, when it comes to profit making, desire to get ahead of competitors or just to capture a larger market share, even the greatest market giants such as ‘Enron’ can be easily driven to adopt an unethical conduct of business (Chris MacDonald, 2006).Show MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Corporate Politics On The Corporate World Essay1526 Words   |  7 PagesOver the years, the corporate world has been and continues to be plagued with high profile scandals and unethical business practices on the pretext of creating social and business values. For most global companies, corporate social responsibility and sustainability have become mere watchwords despite the fact they claim being their prominent company agendas. The reality is companies are too blind and ruthless to draw lessons from the past. Exxon’s Climate change controversy(1980’s), Nike’s sweatshop

What Makes a Good Entrepreneur Free Essays

The terms entrepreneur, manager and owner are very much in meaning yet exhibit different representations of business people who are present at the top management. Entrepreneur is a person who sets up a new organization or enterprise and accounts for accountability on his part of the risks that could come onto his shoulders for one reason or the other. When the discussion is of the for-profit organizations, the entrepreneur term replaces itself with founder. We will write a custom essay sample on What Makes a Good Entrepreneur? or any similar topic only for you Order Now   (Versi, 1999) This person is responsible for establishing a new entity or unit so that the establishment could provide an existing product or service into the form of a single new market, which could have a profit or non-profit result. The entrepreneurs have strong insights as regards to the opportunities that exist within the market and the threats that come as a result of the very same. The risks that could arise in the wake of these include personal, financial or professional ones so that opportunity could be grabbed with both hands. (Martin, 1997) In different societies, the business entrepreneurs are regarded as the pivotal components of a social order. (Covin, 1999) Entrepreneur manages and runs an organization and manages the different undertakings of the enterprise. This enterprise could be a business which is normally associated with peculiar initiatives and foreseeable risks. An entrepreneur is also an employer of productive work or in other words of labor. He is also the contractor who deals with or initiates the process of entrepreneurship. The entrepreneur is the person who is responsible for running the system which is in place in a normal process. He is the one who organizes the whole process. Entrepreneur creates or sells a product and/or service so that he could earn a considerable profit/benefit. The entrepreneur is the risk bearer and an organizer within the business enterprise. More than anything else, an entrepreneur is a leader by sheer definition. An entrepreneur wants to achieve high since his ambitions are always at the top. He is a person who believes in dedication and hard work. (Drucker, 1985) These people like to work for their own selves rather than working for some other business. They believe in quality of work and take acceptance for responsibility which is a hallmark of a true leader. These entrepreneurs believe in a positive approach and give rewards whenever they deem fit. Their thinking is more on the lines of providing excellence towards work and they are good organizers as far as work ethics are concerned. They want to make a profit and this profit helps them to accomplish more and more in their passage towards success and achievements. (Ramsay, 2004) Some of the well known entrepreneurs have included names like Ben Cohen of the Ben Jerry’s Ice Cream, Elisha Otis related with elevators, Ted Turner with the media field, Sam Walton concerned with the departmental stores and lastly Alan Sugar with the science of computers. (Watkins, 1998) Effective entrepreneurs know how to make use of their team members and during this while contribute in their own capacity towards team building. Entrepreneurial effectiveness within an organization could be improved if there is a general understanding that the entrepreneurs know their work well and also discern the exact basis for the workers who fall short on the knowledge curve. This would enable them to get the best out of these individuals and turn them into the strengths within the shortest possible time. (Versi, 2006) What spiral of knowledge does is to increase the awareness level of the entrepreneurs when it comes to their working methodologies and the ways and means through which they bring value to the different processes and activities of the organization.  (Gannon, 1987) The knowledge organization makes best use of the knowledge that it has and it does not let go on the opportunities which come in its way every now and then. There is a definitive need to outline the salient points which a entrepreneur must know in order to get the work done from the knowledge base and indeed the whole of the knowledge organization and it is only when there is a mesh of knowledge activities and the entrepreneurial effectiveness.  (Halal, 1996) Team building is one of the most significant aspects that come under the functions of an entrepreneur and he needs to make sure that he is the leader for all the activities and tasks that are happening under his vigilant eyes. Team building is all the more important because the entrepreneur needs to take decisions in line with the knowledge that his team can deliver under crunch situations and also because he has to take the company forward all this while. Thus it is imperative on his part to understand that the strengths and weaknesses of the team members are equally crucial and his requirement takes more ground in this whole equation when a difficult situation crops up. (Hocker, 2001) Thus a good team is only built when the leader (entrepreneur) knows his team members pretty well and turns the weaknesses of different individuals within the team into their strengths and not only that but also in the strength of the team overall.  (Harper, 2003) An entrepreneur can only be termed an effective one when he understands his resources and what his team members can possibly do to their maximum in those available resources. Only then there is a sense of empathy and understanding amongst the team members and consideration towards the leader of the team which in this case is the entrepreneur himself. Thus, a good team is developed when there is complete harmony in the activities of the team members and there is basically a synergy amongst all of them. This synergy can only be encouraged by the team leader, which in this case is through an effective and considerate entrepreneur. (El-Amin, 2003) Being labeled as an entrepreneur is a social stigma, more so in the West where the same is attached with social injustice and immoral etiquettes. In addition, being called as an entrepreneur of some business or corporation asks for the person to be termed as a tyrannical ruler who is ruling the lives of the employees and workers working under him. Oppression and entrepreneurship thus end up being each other’s synonyms. On the other hand, being called as an entrepreneur of an enterprise would be looked upon at in a very esteemed and reputable manner within a third world nation. (Economy, 2003) There are differences in the cultural mechanisms so as to speak. A conflict within an organization can take place due to differing personalities of the employees or in their attitudes that lead in their linkage with each other. This could also happen due to their norms and behaviors which might not be liked by any one party (person) and thus lead to a conflict of thoughts, ideas, actions and eventual behaviors towards each other. There is a degree of power when we speak of the entrepreneur in terms of the same over his subordinate or the employee who is working under him in a direct or an indirect capacity. In the end, it would be proper to state here that if the entrepreneurs are true to their jobs and know what they expect from the workers working under them, then it is duty bound on the part of these employees to be truthful about their work and apprise the entrepreneur as to where they have been lacking and what plus points have thus been achieved.  (Rogers, 2001) All said and done it is to the entrepreneur himself as to how best he can toe along the workers on those lines and till what extent he can drag them but in the name of a genuine organizational gain. A good entrepreneur can only be made if he is respected by one and all. (Milner, 2004) How to cite What Makes a Good Entrepreneur?, Papers

Marketing In Primark Essay Example For Students

Marketing In Primark Essay 1. Introduction Primark. after establishing in Ireland in 1969. has owned over 270 shops in some Europe states. For international enlargement scheme. Primark has planned to open large shop in US in 2015. This paper will concentrate on state of affairs analysis and competitory analysis to understand external and internal environment and understand their resources and power. Establishing on these apprehensions. there is the suggestion for Primark in facet of marketing schemes to construct and develop Primark in US market which is the first-class manner finish in the Earth 2. Situation analysis 2. 1. Internal analysis2. 1. 1. Vision Primark’s vision is to offer clients merchandises which are combined by three factors such as the high degree of quality. updated manner and value for value monetary values 2. 1. 2. Mission Primark mission statement is â€Å"To supply quality vesture at monetary values perceived to offer existent value† . This trade name is the representative of Associates British Foods ( ABF ) and was launched in Ireland in 1969 under the first name of Penny’s. With its mission of operation. Primark is considered the typical characteristic of voguish manner shop in Europe because it has offered the voguish vesture with the low monetary value. As stated by Conti ( 2014 ) . targeted clients of Primark are deal huntsmans who want to purchase good merchandises with sensible monetary value. Establishing on mission statement. Primark defines its elaborate mission with some features such as the efficiency of merchandise outsourcing. simple design of merchandises. the usage of local stuffs. the focal point on popular size. un-heavy advertisement disbursement. 2. 1. 3. Aims ( S. M. A. R. T? ? ? ) To prosecute and accomplish above mission and vision. Primark defined its aims. The first aim is to accomplish like-for-like growing through the focal point on buying addition. ware and the creative activity of exciting topographic points as retail shops. Second. to aim the increasing figure of clients. Primark’s aim is to increase the merchandising infinite both domestically and internationally. Third. in dual with the update of latest manner. Primark focuses on offering clients the broad scope of merchandises from work forces and adult females manner to accoutrements and childs ( Annual study. 2013 ) 2. 1. 4. Schemes ( S. T. P? ? ? ) Customers are defined as the people who bring the gross for the corporate and trade name place is identified establishing on the targeted clients. Hence. schemes to pull clients and construct trade name place are focused by companies. With the increasing figure of corporate late. companies have leveraged GE/McKinsey theoretical account as the tool of competitory analysis. even in confer withing companies ( McKinsey A ; Company. 2008 ; Chakravarthy A ; Henderson. 2007 ) . This theoretical account is used to place trade name place in comparing with others. In the state of affairs of Primark. Primark trade name place is identified in the undermentioned GE theoretical account which is considered the support for determination doing establishing on merchandise portfolio and competitory analysis. In the manner industry. internationalisation and variegation schemes are identified with the apprehension of the figure of merchandises and trade names in the portfolio. In inside informations. Primark has high degree of industry attraction and strong concern unit ( Figure 1. p. 2 ) Figure 1: GE theoretical account in Primark Business Unit Strength HighMediumLowIndustry AttractionHighPRIMARK Medium Low Harmonizing to GE theoretical account ( Porter. 1982 ; Abell A ; Hammond. 1986 ) . industry attraction is analyzed through some characteristics such as market growing rate. market size. demand. the industrial profitableness. rivals and international chances. ( Table 1. p. 2 ) Table 1: Industry Attractiveness of Primark ( this should be micro environment ) Features DegreeExplanationMarket growing rateHighAs stated by Keller et Al ( 2014 ) . there will be the growing of planetary manner industry at two-digit per centum. particularly from emerging states in the period of 2014 and 2020 Market sizeHighThe market size has grown establishing on some tendencies such asThe development of purchasing power on Asiatic clients who have moved to middle category. Furthermore. they besides define vesture as the manner to affect and demo their life style There is the increasing demand of going and shopping Market size: 192. 334 million of Euro in 2013 with the market size growing of 2. 75 % in comparing with 2011 ( Fashionbi. 2013 )Customer demandHighThere is the alteration of client life style and the addition of demand and demand of difference ( Barnes and Greenwood. 2006 ) . As the grounds. some fast manner trade names such as Zara. H A ; M and Uniqlo. etc have developed with the fast growing rate ( Christopher et al. 2004 ) Industrial profitableness High. but decreased because of strong competition which forces companies to cut down their monetary values as the tool of making competitory advantages Fast manner companies have applied supply concatenation to increase the efficiency and cut down operational cost. Hence. they have achieved high rate of profitableness ( Sherry et al. 2012 ; Bhardwaj and Fairheart. 2010 ) There is the influence of strong competition into the border of fast manner because companies have identified the cost decrease as the manner to make competitory advantage ( Lambert. 2014 ) Rivals HighThere is the high figure of rivals in fast manner industry. particularly when this industry has the much increasing demandInternational chancesHighThere are some grounds for the development of international presence of trade names. The influence of globalisation which is considered the manner of maintain market portion and growing when companies have achieved the peak growing in bing markets The development of IT is considered the motivation for companies to develop internationally To leverage concern opportunities from non-defined markets ( commendation? ? ? ) Business Unit GrowthHarmonizing to GE theoretical account ( Porter. 1982 ; Abell A ; Hammond. 1986 ) . Business Unit Growth has been shown through market portion and its growing. distribution channel. production capacity and net income borders in comparing with others. The high degree of Business Unit Growth in Primark has been shown in the undermentioned tabular array Table 2: Business Unit Growth of Primark 2. 2. External analysis of US retail market 2. 2. 1. Macro analysis – PESTLEPolitical factors and Legal factors United statess are defined as the most powerful ad successful state in the universe. As stated by Country Analysis Report ( 2010 ) . US have established its certain political policies which become the guideline of foreign retail merchants to spread out and run. However. there are some differences between US political relations and other developed states. In inside informations. greater power will lie on the upper house of legislative assembly and have wider range of power. Economic factors ( what is the economic factors? ? ? ) Social factors In facet of US demographics. white American histories for 72. 4 % while African American is with 12. 6 % and Asia with 4. 8 % . Mentioning to the US faith. 78. 2 % of population are with Christian while other faiths and no faith history for 3. 7 % and 16. 2 % severally. As surveyed by PwC ( 2014 ) . US demographics will be diversified with the addition of Asiatic immigrant kids who were born in 1990 and 2000’s ( Figure 2. p. 5 ) . Hence. there will be the displacement from the heritage to the elements of shopping experience in US. As the consequences. retail merchants will concentrate on immature people and households and multi-marketing will be leveraged by 2020 ( PwC. 2014 ) US clients have more demand and are powerful in their shopping ( PwC. 2014 ) Figure 2: Percentage of Population by Race Beginning: PwC ( 2014 )Technological factors Technological development is considered the chief tendency in current and future planetary economic system. As mentioned in Figure ( 3. p. 6 ) . US ranks at 3rd place among parts from the growing of the figure of Internet users. Under this tendency. selling activities have leveraged the benefits of the Internet and societal media to pull more clients. Furthermore. online shopping is considered the certain tendency of planetary shopping. Figure 3: The Internet user in the universe from 2000 – 2011 Beginning: Nicolate et Al ( 2012. p. 253 )Legal factors When companies have expanded to international states like US. they need to pay their attending on ordinance and esteem the statute law of such states. Hence. in the state of affairs of Primark. when spread outing to US. it besides focuses on understanding all Torahs and ordinances associating to retail industry. There are some Torahs which have influenced to US retail industry. First. in facet of advertisement jurisprudence. companies need to present true information of merchandises and services which have been offered to clients. Or else. they will have high fiscal punishments. Second. sing to client protection jurisprudence. retail merchants are required to avoid misdirecting selling plans which are implemented to hike gross revenues. Third. there are some ordinances applied when retail merchants offer clients misdirecting price reduction while such price reductions do non be. Environmental factors Customers have changed their behaviour which cares more about environment and wellness every bit good as privation to lend their duty to protect their environment. Hence. companies are required to concern more about environment into their merchandises and services. 2. 2. 2. Micro analysis – 3Cs ( how many sections on the industry? ) SUBSTANCE ABUSE HISTORY EssayFourthly. establishing on high competition. there are many menaces of replacement merchandises from competition trade names. And in conclusion. adverting about challengers in US manner industry. Primark has met many troubles to vie them. particularly with trade names which have the big distribution channels and on-line shopping web site such as Zara. Uniqlo and H A ; M. In decision. through Porter’s Five Forces. even though Primark has strengths on high dickering power of providers and have a few menaces of new entrants. it have some troubles caused by the strong competition and customers’ power. Part C – Marketing Strategies of Primark in US market Establishing on strategic findings in Part 4. this subdivision will utilize 4Ps theoretical account as selling schemes of Primark in US market. 1. Merchandise schemesHarmonizing to Czinkota and Ronkainen ( 2005 ) . as the necessary measure of internalisation. companies have considered between standardisation and adaptation in their merchandise schemes. Companies have four picks for this scheme. It is called as standardisation which has no alteration in comparing with domestic merchandises. Second. they can do some alterations or accommodations for bing merchandises which have been sold in domestic market in order to fit with foreign clients. for illustration. size or colourss. Third. they can make new merchandises for foreign clients wholly. It means that they have developed to fulfill new clients through the adaptation as new merchandise development. The last pick is to develop new merchandises which can fulfill many states and for this scheme. companies can sell such merchandises globally. In the state of affairs of Primark in US. because of the alteration of US customers’ behaviour. in combination with the purpose of accomplishing lower monetary value through high volume of production. Primark should unite both standardisation and adaptation scheme. It means that Primark can set some bing merchandises with suited colourss and sizes. Furthermore. with the purpose of understanding US client behaviours. Primark besides focuses on R A ; D to make new design which is fulfilling clients at the high degree. 2. Monetary value schemesTo accomplish the success of low monetary value scheme. Primark has applied two schemes which are the same in the US. The first scheme is to happen the best stuffs but low monetary values through leveraging the bargaining power of providers and to make new providers through seeking in new markets. Second. with the application of invention in production and design. Primark can offer clients updated design. 3. Promotion schemes ( excessively general )Bing different from other fast manner trade name such as TX Maxx which normally advertises its trade name through many norms of advertisement under the large run named â€Å"Big Labels. Small Prices† . Primark has neither publicize nor pay much money for famous person endorses. Even Primark holds no terminal of seasonal run or large publicity for being out of stock. Promotion schemes are called selling communicating schemes which attract clients with their attending on new merchandises and trade names. Harmonizing to Wood ( 2008 ) . marketing communicating comprises five chief tools such as advertisement. publicity. PR. direct selling and Point of Gross saless. The ground for incorporating all tools into publicity schemes is that each tool had both advantages and disadvantages so the combination of these tools is to minimise all jobs and disadvantages. As stated by Shimp ( 1997 ) . Stewart ( 1996 ) . Integrated Marketing Communication ( IMC ) is understood as the use of all communications to present messages to mark clients through different channels. for illustrations. Television advertisement. PR. cyberspace. media. For each scheme in IMC. the aims and tactics will be mentioned and analyzed. 3. 1. Ad through paid media ( excessively general ) 3. 1. 1. AimsTo construct trade name image ( what image ) in US clients in the first period of establishing ( how long ) To make 50. 000 clients during one twelvemonth after establishing and such clients have visited Primark shops or made the on-line buying with the clip of 4 each hebdomad. 3. 1. 2. Tacticss Making the advertizements in Television CabsAmerican Fashion Television ChannelManner OneLive MannerFashion TV Latin America 3. 2. Using societal media such as Facebook and YoutubeTop 3 societal media trade names among many in the Earth are Facebook. Youtube and Twitter which are ranked establishing on the gross revenues. Among these three societal media. Facebook ranked at the first place. followed by Youtube and Twitter severally ( Social Media trade name. 2013 ) Using Facebook as the tool to pull US clients Uniting with some little games in Facebook. such as Lucky Drawing to have little gifts Post one or two updates for one twenty-four hours. Posts should concentrate on image and picture associating to manner shows or new aggregations To utilize Youtube to drive traffic to the web site of PrimarkTo kick of the launching advertizement with the content mentioned in Television commercials 3. 3. Public Relation3. 3. 1. AimsTo implement PR Activities in 10 articles or magazines with the content concentrating on the launching of Primark and the gapAchieving the satisfaction from 70 % clients at least3. 3. 2. TacticssTo implement PR Activities in 10 articles or magazines 3. 4. Direct SellingThe intent of this tool of selling is to do the gross revenues addition instantly ( Stone and Jacobs. 2008 )3. 4. 1. AimsTo make clients with leads at the figure of 24 within 6 months To do the catalogs and post them to Facebook and web site with the intent of increasing gross at 2 % per moths 3. 4. 2. Tacticss To make direct mail to clients: Making exciting direct mail with the image of merchandises and send to clients who have been surveyed as those loving shopping and insouciant manner. To make catalogues to increase the gross with the usage of distribution channels for such catalogs such as Website. Facebook. Direct Mail. etc 3. 5. Topographic point schemesIn facet of distribution. Primark should leverage both offline and online channels for distributions. In the first phase. with the purpose of edifice customers’ head on merchandises. Primark has opened some shops in shopping promenade and section shops. And so. it has developed as street stores. Furthermore. to entree clients who want to purchase Primark. but have some barriers to entree offline shops. Primark has developed its web site for online shopping Primark as street store Primark shops in shopping promenades or section shops Primark online shopping web site 4. Decision Free promotion is considered the of import tool of selling in Primark before establishing in US. However. with some menaces and failings from strong competition every bit good as late launching in US. this study suggests Marketing schemes for Primark including Product. Price. Promotion and Place. In facet of merchandises and monetary value. high quality. sensible monetary value and first-class design have been achieved. Sing to Promotion. Primark should unite some selling tools such as Television. Social media. PR and Direct Marketing to make the efficiency. Furthermore. with the program of establishing in both section shops and street every bit good as online shopping. Primark will entree clients who are people Primark have looked for. Mentions Abell. D. F. . A ; Hammond. J. S. ( 1979 ) . Strategic Market Planning. Englewood Cliffs. New jersey: Prentice Hall. Barnes. L. and Lea-Greenwood. G. 2006. Fast forging the supply concatenation: determining the research docket. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 10 ( 3 ) . pp. 259- 271. Bhardwaj. V. and Fairheart. A. ( 2010 ) . Fast manner: response to alterations in the manner industry. The International Review of Retail. Distribution and Consumer Research. 20 ( 1 ) . 165-173 Chakravarthy. B. . A ; Henderson. J. ( 2007 ) . From a hierarchy to a heterarchy of schemes: accommodating to a altering context. Management Decision. 45 ( 3 ) . 642–652. Christopher. M. Lowson. R A ; Peck. H ( 2004 ) Making nimble supply ironss in the manner industry. International Journal of Retail A ; Distribution Management. 32 ( 8 ) . 367- 376. Czinkota. M. R. A ; I. A. Ronkainen ( 2005 ) . A prognosis of globalisation. international concern and trade: Report from a Delphi survey. Jour nal of World Business. 40 ( 2 ) . 111-123 Conti. S. ( 2014 ) . Primark to Establish in US. WWD. Retrieved at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wwd. com/retail-news/mass-off-price/primark-to-open-stores-in-america-7653356 Dishman. L. ( 2013 ) . Fashionably Late: H A ; M Finally Launches E-Commerce In The U. S. Forbes. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. forbes. com/sites/lydiadishman/2013/08/01/fashionably-late-hm-finally-launches-e-commerce-in-the-u-s/ Fashionbi ( 2013 ) . Fast Manner Market Report. Fashionbi. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //fashionbi. com/market/fast-fashion/all Fast Retailing ( 2014 ) . History. Fast Retailing. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. fastretailing. com/eng/ir/library/pdf/ar2014_en_11. pdf Joon-Hwan. L. . Shi-Hyun. A. and Sun-Young. H. ( 2011 ) . Fast Manner: Out-of-the-Box Thinking in the Apparel Industry. Monthly Focus. 5 H A ; M ( 2013 ) . Annual study 2013. H A ; M. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //about. hectometer. com/content/dam/hm/about/documents/en/cision/2014/01/1280856_en. pdf Keller. P. Anand. ( 2014 ) . Social Selling and Healthy Behavior. Handbook of Persuasion and Social Marketing David W. Stewart ( ed. ) .

Parent Occupational Status and Parenting Style free essay sample

To explain few of them; parental education is very important for the upcoming of a child. An educated parent will have more realistic attitude toward the parenting style, this is because most of the time the parents try to rear their children the way they ad been reared by their parents. Forgetting that children are more advanced and well informed than they were ten years back. Parental occupation is very important, if both parents are working then the parenting style will be different. The child will probably develop an independent attitude, and sometime feels lonely and this can affect on the child in choosing his or her career. Parental status has a great effect on the childs development. If parental status is high in the society then it will have a different effect on the childs development than those whose parental status in the society is low. For instance, a daughter/son whose father is a doctor has different status in the society than a son/daughter whose father is a plumber. We will write a custom essay sample on Parent Occupational Status and Parenting Style or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This can also affect the parenting style of a child and how a child will choose his/her career. Parental background denotes the family of the parents, it include the family of both the father and mother. The parenting style is very often influenced by the way the parent were raised or reared by their parents in the past. Parenting style can be in three ways, which are giving orders, this is an authoritarian parenting style. Authoritarian parents dont feel they need to explain heir rules or the reasons why they expect their children to do certain things. The main focus of these parent is on what their children do wrong and the punishment for misbehaviors is often harsh. Giving in is a permissive style parents who adopt this style may have concerns that their children will not like them if they set limit or they see themselves as their children friend and not their parent who is there to guide and set limits. Giving choices is a democratic parenting style which is the type of parenting style that will be discussed in this study

Peter The Great Essays - House Of Romanov, 20th Century In Russia

Peter The Great Essays - House Of Romanov, 20th Century In Russia Peter the Great Peter the Great or Peter I, czar of Russia, reigned from (1672-1725). In many ways he bettered the country of Russia, but in other ways he hurt Russia. The ways in which bettered the country outweighs the bad effects put upon Russians during his reign. Most of the ways that he improved the country stemmed from him forcing Western European culture on his people. One of the ways in which he bettered Russia was that he expanded their land. Land expansion meant that Russia became bigger that the rest of Europe and Russia now had sea and fresh water ports important for trade. He also improved education, the military, and transportation. Some of the negative aspects of Peter?s rule was that the Russians taxes increased and their standard of life had decrease. At all cost and with his perseverance Peter had made Russia a European power. Peter?s greatest accomplishment was that he educated many of the would be illiterate Russians. Russians were at the highest point of education that they had ever been. He standardized a simpler Russian alphabet and introduced Arabic numerals. He started Russian academies for higher education. For the Boyards he made the college aged people to go out of the country for five years to study at a school in a Western European school. For the first time in Russian history there were the publishing of newspapers. He also changed the calendar to agree with the current calendar, the Gregorian. Peter next best accomplishment was that he expanded the state and therefor encouraged trade. Until the middle part of his reign Russia was land locked which meant that they had to hope that the other countries would let them through their country and water to go other countries seeking trade. The only way they could trade was with neighboring countries and that was still not good. Through wars with other countries such as Sweden they acquired lands that would give them seaports. With this came the establishment of a large seaport called St. Petersburg. St. Petersburg brought along the establishment in Russia of newly invented canals, stone roads, and drainage systems. The success was due to no pay labor of the peasants and the nobles having to spend time in that city. The city became known as the window to Europe. The accomplishment that is both good and bad was the implementation of a strong standing army. The main reason for why it was good was that it gave Russia victories in wars that resulted in land gains for trading. He added the Kossacks to the military that was a great move because these men were great horsemen. Something else had grown from his army policy that benefited that peasants the nobles were also put in the army. Because of this the peasants through his military merit advancement policy could become nobles. Everyone at this time were equal in status. The reason for why it was bad was that it gave Peter absolute control over everyone. 85 to 90 percent of the revenue rose by taxes were given to the military. There were also three tax hikes to pay for his many wars and his troops. People did not realize it but their lives could have been at stake with any false actions. Peter the Great was bad in that he was very cruel to the people of Russia. He heavily taxed everyone, so the serfs had to pay taxes for themselves and their owners. In the case of St. Petersburg the serfs had build without pay and those who did not build paid taxes. Peter was so mean that he tortured his son to death and that the people of Russia were saying some bad stuff under their breath about Peter. Due to the frequent wars the people that he drafted for the army had great chances of dying in action. In wars with the Turks he had lost some of their pride. Peter the Great of Russia was a great Czar whose actions helped the country more than it hurt the country. He expanded the territory of Russia and trade with it. He also introduced Russia to Western culture. From that came education and inventions. He was also

Book Review, King Leopold's Ghost Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Book Review, King Leopold's Ghost - Essay Example King Leopold’s Ghost reminds us how man’s greed, power and desire to conquer and exploit far away lands far outweighs his compassion for humanity. The story begins with an informative history about the colonization of the Congo by explorer Henry Morton Stanley. The reader is offered a glimpse of Stanley’s lust for power and disrespect of humanity through his cunning plan to use Belgium’s King Leopold in a quest to exploit Africa as a goldmine. Leopold proves to be a suitable partner for Stanley, happy masking his true desires for power and money under the guise of philanthropy. He deceives the world with a false agenda, one which holds the best interest of the Congo locals at heart. Together, Leopold and Hochschild take steps which eventually leave the Congo in the hands of King Leopold. Thereafter, the locals are exposed to a dictatorship which enslaves them not only physically but also mentally, stripping their country of wealth. Leopold and Stanley’s titles of good king and adventuresome explorer are ripped away by Hochschild who is not afraid to use facts to paint a less flattering picture of the pair. Leopold was eager to cash in on the worlds growing demand for natural resources such as ivory and rubber which Africa was rich of and was not afraid to go to extreme lengths to achieve his goals. Punishment was measured out in whippings and included men, women and children. Hochschild uses Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad to illustrate the brutality inflicted by Leopold. Murder, decorating gardens with skull and rubbing salt into wounds were common occurrences that were openly accepted as common practice by the white Force Publique. It is estimated that the population of the Congo was reduced by half over a forty year period. Although Leopold’s exploits were well hidden, he was not free from opposition who was determined to expose his cruelty and true intentions to the rest of the world. Hochschild introduces us to

Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 12

Art History - Essay Example The pieces of art portray the intersection between the cultural history of the artists and the immediate societies, the respective histories, medium, as well as the specific geographical locations. The Ajanta art, for instance, portrays the Indian culture before 1200. This art was started in the 2nd century B.C. It was nevertheless given up in by the 7th century A.D. This art is a product of its context considering that pieces of art, in this case, have been considered the finest instances of Indian art based the Buddhist religious art. Buddhism as a religion was a very important part of the Indian culture during that time. It was thus essential for the religion and its values to be presented in a visual way (Kleiner 433). In light of the religious importance, the art shows figures of Buddha as well as a depiction of the Jataka tales. Using carvings was particularly a great way of ensuring that the message portrayed could last for a very long time and be passed from one generation to another. A useful example of the Ajanta art is painting of Padmapani as shown in fig.1. Another example of art is the Fresco Painting from the Romanesque Europe created during the early Medieval Europe. The method used to produce this art was mural painting, which involved the use wet lime plaster. Water was used for the pigment in merging with the plaster. Upon setting the plaster, the painting was then integrated to the wall. This type of art is attributed to the later Byzantine period (Kleiner 409). It depicts a lot regarding the mobility of techniques and styles of art. A good example is the Chora Monastery restoration and decoration, which depicts the Byzantine artists’ great skills and versatility. The context in which the art was created was religious since a cycle of Life of the Virgin as well as Christ’s Infancy and Ministry of are shown. These religious incidences

Welfare Social Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Welfare Social Services - Essay Example This essay researchers one of the mot important thesis in the capitalistic countries, that is whether or not societies have a duty to help those out in need. The researcher takes a look into modern society's views on the topic and provides some examples, he also expresses his opinion on the topic. It is suggested that nowadays the welfare social services is one of the most interesting issue, and many equally exciting and interesting topics have once again been thrown into the forefront of the public’s eye. These topics are all worthy of debate, and one of them that has again come up is the topic of welfare, and the cause of public assistance. It seems that just as many people that are for it, there are lines of people against it to. However, the researcher express his feelings that public assistance is not only people's duty, but an obligation and that people should never even think of taking away such social programs for those people who really need it. In conclusion of this essay, the researcher firmly asserts that welfare is something we need. In a capitalistic society, it almost depends on people to be at the bottom and be on welfare. Beside that, it is our duty and obligation to do all we can to help those in need, and at the end of the day that is really all it comes down to. We need to keep welfare to help out people of poor circumstances, and we need to make sure it stays around to help those people who truly need it and not let those who abuse it ruin it for those who rely on it to get by.

Analysis of Beer Brands in India

Analysis of Beer Brands in India Introduction Beer market has been rising quickly, especially in India beer market is rising over the previous 10 years, by virtue of the effective consequences of statistical styles and predictable transforms, like: Growing income stages: Grow in the income levels of person has direct effect the beer consumption. As the income of the people increases then the beer consumption is also increases and the Indian beer consumption is continue growing, but at a very minimum growth rate. Changing age profile: As a result of high birth rates, a huge percentage of Indian people are in the age group of 20-34 years. So, this age group is the almost suitable aim for beer marketers. That age group provides a improve enlargement of beer utilization in India. Changing lifestyles: Now the alcohol consumption has becomes the traditional feature of the Indian society but its not adapted by all. Still its adapted by those urban consumers who become more exposed to western life styles. In the present scenario women are also consuming more and more beer. Reduction in beer prices: Reduction in beer price is also responsible for rising beer consumption. The Indian customer usually values a hard drink on the base of its kick factor in opposition to its value. In India the upcoming of beer manufacturing is very much expectant because India has essentially a hot and sizzling weather and the beer drinkers in the nation are too younger than the usual beer drunkard in another place in the globe This builds them extra to be expected to bear the brand name with them for a life span (http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC519/fc519.html). Beer Brands in India These are brands in the Indian markets Kingfisher, Fosters Beer, Dansberg, Carlsberg, Golden Eagle, Carling Black Label, Haake Beck, Flying Horse Royal Lager, Guru, Haywards skol, Haywards 5000, Haywards 2000 Beer, Maharaja Premium Lager, Hi-Five, Heinekin, Taj Mahal, Ice, Legend, KnockOut, Kirin, Kingfisher Strong, Kingfisher Diet, London Diet, London Draft, London Pilsner, Sand Piper, San Miguel Lager, Royal Challenge, Sand Piper, Zingaro and Strohs. (http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC519/fc519.html). Beer industries in india In India there are many Beer Industries both Indian Industries and Foreign Industries (FDIs) are serving in India, some International Industries serves in India by having acquisitions, strategic alliance with Indian Brewing Industries. Some multinational Indian brewing industries are also serving in foreign countries their Head Office is in India but they serves in India and foreign both countries. Some foreign companies established their Head Office both in India and in their country. Some Breweries Industries in India are as under:- United Breweries Limited Mohan Meakins Radico Khaitan United Breweries Limited United Breweries Limited (UBL), United Breweries is a type of conglomerate company with a main focal point on the brewery (beer) and alcoholic beverages industry and was founded in 1857 by Scotsman, Thomas Leishman who is the real founder if the UB Group (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Breweries).On 15th March, 1915   Mr. Thomas Leishman acquired 5 breweries to form United Breweries Ltd. with its registered office at 17 Armenian Street, Chennai -1 (INDIA), then headquarter of this group is moved to Bangalore in 1950s,( http://www.kingfisherworld.com) means its a South Indian based British breweries. At the age of 22, Vittal Mallya was elected as the companys first Indian director in 1947, after a year he replace as the chairman of the company and now, Dr. Vijay Mallya (who is also a member of the Indian Parliament) is the Chairman and Owner of this UB Group (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Breweries) the UB Group are deep-rooted in the forerunner company, United Breweries Limited, also assigned to as the Beer Division of the UB Group (http://www.kingfisherworld.com) UB Group is the market manager in the Indian beer market with a 40% market stake. Its forerunner Kingfisher brand commands 25% market stake alone (http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC519/fc519.html). UB is the Indians largest producer of beer with market share by volume about 48%. Brands of ub group The active beers of flagship Kingfisher Brand of UB Group are:- Kingfisher Lager Kingfisher Light Lager Kingfisher Strong Lager Kingfisher Super Strong Lager Flying Horse Royal Lager Kalyani Black Label Strong Lager Premium Ice Beer Raj Cobra Taj Mahal Premium Lager (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Breweries). Mission Every company, group has its own mission or operation for accomplishing their desired target so, UB Group also have a mission which is mention under the mission statement given by the Dr. Vijay Mallya says as follows : They focused on assuming leadership in all our target market. They seek to be the most preferred employer wherever they operate. They recognize that our organization is built around people who are our most valuable asset. They will continually increase the long-term value of their Group for the benefit of our shareholders. They will operate as a decentralized organization and allow each business to develop within our stated values. They will be a major contributor to our National Economy and take full advantage of our strong resource base. They commit themselves to the ongoing mission of achieving Scientific Excellence. They will always be the partner of choice for customers, suppliers and other creators of innovative concepts (http://www.theubgroup.com/profile_mission.aspx). Human Resource Strategy Every company needs human resources to run their business and to survive so, Dr. Vijay Mallya said Our Company is committed to build an organization that is aggressive, consumer essential and market determined and its endeavour has been to be a magnet for, develop and maintain the most excellent talent available. The human resources systems and procedure are lined up to meet this intention. Over the years the organization has been capable to make an open, visible and encouraging tradition that encourages staff to deliver advanced stage of performance. Reimbursement surveys and capability evaluation exercises have been commence in order to moderate people-related risks. As an effect of these schemes, the reimbursement levels have now been standards with equivalent organizations in the industry and the capability evaluation has permitted us to sponsor people from within to take on superior responsibilities. Training and Development carries on to be a significant area of focal point for raising the capability levels in the organization to strengthen its functional and leadership foundations. (http://www.theubgroup.com/PDF/UBL_Annual_Report/UBL_Annual_Report_2008.pdf). MARKETING Strategies Marketing is mainly focus on structuring brands that ensures a huge increase in amount in market stake and be capable adequate to accept competition both locally and internationally. Kingfisher was located as a young, stimulating and enjoyable beer symbolized by its influential statement â€Å"The King of Good Times†. All communicating on the product was constant with its placing. Kingfisher was linked up with sports and shows like cricket, football, hockey, fashion shows, motor racing and horse racing to add a proportion of speed and fashion to the brand image. The UBL expend around 20% of net sales on advertisement and sponsorship, which was centered on launching of new brands and rising capacity. The corporation was de-stressing the level of seasonality and supporting utilization of beer throughout the monsoons through promotional and wakefulness campaigns. Kingfisher brand name was attributed to a local bar in the northern area as part of brand promotion scheme. The bar was not a single kingfisher beer channel, but 80% of the beer served was of United Breweries. (Mittal Amita, Cases in Strategic Management) Under the marketing strategies, United Breweries Limited has diminished the cost of its tipple beer by 28.5% from Rs2100 each drum to Rs1500 each drum earliest. A mugful of tipple beer will then price Rs25 in opposition to Rs30-35 earliest. This check marketing scheme was set up on October 16, 1998 and is only being made for Karnataka. The company says that its a new marketing strategy and not connected to its deprived functioning in the second quarter of 1998, when its net income cut down by 53% and turnover cut down by 29%. United Breweries Limited recommends expanding its Kingfisher product to vacation wear, like T-shirts and Bermudas. It suggests utilizing its set-up in many cities to advertise these products. United Breweries is using the Kingfisher brand to promote sports. UB also used same brand name for its mineral water. UB looks to have earned from its judgment to sponsor the East Bengal soccer team as the trades of the brand has raised 5 times. (http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Business-international/THE-MUG-STRATEGY-UB-SLASHES-PRICE-OF-DRAUGHT-BEER-UB-LAUNCHES-SPECIALITY-ICE-BEER.html) Quality If we search about quality of Beer of United Breweries then we find that the (http://www.theubgroup.com/profile_mission.aspx) quality and cleanliness are the key essentials of the United Breweries manufacturing convictions. For this the Central Scientific Laboratory (CSL), whose headquarter is at Bangalore sets principles for its every breweries. Quality Management Systems put down line of ISO 9000 are rigorously stick on to regulating quality at each phase of production, from raw materials to the finish product(http://www.kingfisherworld.com). UBL also, organizing the manufacture procedure, the CSL analyses the Companys beer released market puts on ice all over the Country, the oppositions beers and beers across the world. These beers are checked as per the principles laid down by the European Brewery Convention on 40 different extents. By these principles, United Breweries beers dont just the same, but even improve on, numerous Dutch and American beers (http://www.kingfisherworld.com). Production break-up of UB UB Owned Breweries Contract Breweries Total UB Owned % 2000-01 14,84,163 5,09,146 19,93,309 74.6 2001-02 9,85,059 6,72,344 16,57,403 59.4 2002-03 12,62,025 10,50,493 23,12,518 53.3 2003-04 13,06,636 13,39,650 26,46,286 49.4 (Cases in Strategic Management) Markets of UB Government Market: In a government market, the respective state government was the wholesale distributor of beer and acquired beer directly from manufacturers based on an annual tender system, via its own agencies. The government controlled the price at which beer was procured from the manufacturer. This beer was then retailed through private vends (e.g., Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh) or a combination of government and private vends (e.g., Kerala, Delhi). Open Market: In this market, there was little or no government intervention in the pricing and distribution of beer. The manufacturers sold beer to the wholesaler/distributor who in turn sold it to the retail outlets. Pricing was free and determined by market forces. The government issued wholesale/retail licenses for a fee. However, in certain markets, new licenses were not freely available. Exports: The companys products were exported indirectly through UB Global Corporation Limited a subsidiary of UBHL. The Company had a tie-up with SN, which had a long established track record of distribution of third party brands, for the international distribution of ‘KINGFISHER. The company also entered into an exclusive Licensing and Distribution Agreement on May 24, 2004 with Independent Liquor Limited (ILL) to manufacture, package, market, distribute, and sell the products of the company in Australia and New Zealand for five-years. They worked closely with Scottish Newcastle to extend the reach of products, particularly, Kingfisher to more global markets. Kingfisher was a well-established brand in many countries and leveraging Scottish Newcastles distribution strengths would increase the franchise of the brand (Cases in Strategic Management). Beer manufacturing process The manufacturing process of beer has nine steps such as milling, mashing, filtration, wort boiling, wort cooling, fermentation, lagering, filtration then beer is ready to be packed in barrels. This process can be cleared by the image given below- http://mpstateagro.nic.in/Project%20Reports%20pdf/BREWERY.pdf Milling: For capable evocation with water, malt must be crushed. Early on milling processes used stones compelled by hand or by water or animal power, but current brewing uses automatically compelled roller mills. The chart of the mill and the space among the rolls are important in acquiring the accurate reduction in mass of the malt. The aim is to hold on to the husk comparably perfect while breaking up the frangible, customized starch into particles (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/58378/beer/236419/Milling). Mashing: Mashing is the process of mixing crushed grain (usually malted or cracked grain) with water, and heat-up this mixture with remains at certain temperature (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html) and this temperature should be between 150-158 degrees F for just about one hour (www.homebrewmart.com/recipes.html) to allow bacterias in the malt to smash down the starch in the grain into sugars, usually maltose (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). Filtration or Mash Filter: A mash filter is a plate-and-frame filter. The vacant frames have the smash, counting the exhausted grains, and have a capability of approximately one hectoliter. The plates contain a affirm body structure for the filter cloths the plates, frames, and filter cloths are ordered in a carrier frame like so: frame, cloth, plate, cloth, with plates at every end of the arrangement. Newer mash filters contain vesicae that can push the fluid out of the grains between spargings. The grain does not perform similar to a filtration medium in a mash filter (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). Wort Boiling: Boiling the gained distills, called wort, assures its infertility, and thus keeps a lot of infections. For the duration of the boil suds are added, which give bitterness, taste, and fragrance complexes to the beer, and, beside with the heat of the boil, induces proteins in the wort to condense and the pH of the wort to drop. At last, the vapors developed through the boil volatilize off tastes, together with dimethyl sulfide usher. The boil must be carried on so that is it even and acute. The boil lasts between 50 and 120 minutes, calculating on its strength, the hop addition agenda, and volume of wort the brewer anticipates evaporating (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). Wort Cooling: After malt filtration process, the wort must be cut down to temperatures of fermentation prior to yeast is added. In present breweries this is accomplished through a plate temperature exchanger. A plate temperature exchanger has lots of ribbed plates, which form two abstracted paths. The wort is distend into the temperature exchanger, and goes throughout each other space among the plates. The cooling measures, generally water, goes through the other spaces. The ribbed in the plates make sure disordered flow. The last few plates frequently use cooling measures which can be refrigerated to below the sub-zero point, which allows a better-quality control over the wort-out temperature, and also facilitates cooling around 10  °C. After cooling, oxygen is frequently dissolved into the wort to refresh the yeast and support its procreation (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). Fermentation: Fermentation, as a stair in the brewing procedure, initiates the moment yeast is added to the chilled wort. This is also the position at which the creation is first called beer. It is through this phase that sugars won from the malt are metabolized into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Most breweries nowadays use cylindroconical tanks, or CCTs, have a conical (pointed) base and a cylindrical top. The cones space is usually 60 °, an angle that will allocate the yeast to flow in the direction of the cones top, but is not so sharp as to take up too much vertical gap. CCTs can switch both fermenting and refining in the same tank. At the end of fermentation, the yeast and other frozen which have dropped to the cones top can be simply swill out a dock at the peak. Then, the tanks to allow the CO2 generate by the yeast to typically carbonate the beer. This spile device can be place to a set pressure to match the kind of beer being generated. The more pressure the spile holds back, the more carbonated the beer developed (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). Lagering or Conditioning:After the fermentation process, next procedure is conditioning or developing the carbon dioxide to provide the beer its white foamy head (http://www.kingfisherworld.com).When the sugars in the fermenting beer have been more or less totally digested, the fermentation slows down and the yeast begins to settle to the bottom of the container. At this stage, the beer is refrigerated to around freezing, which promotes settling of the yeast, and causes proteins to curdled and settle out with the yeast. Unlikable flavors such as phenolic composites become unsolvable in the cold beer, and the beers aroma happens to smoother. For the period of this time force is maintained on the containers to forestall the beer from going flat. If the fermentation containers have chilling jackets on them, as opposite to the entire fermentation basement being chilled, conditioning can happen in the same tank as fermentation. Other than different tanks (in a separate basement) must be employed (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). Filtration: Filtering the beer become stable the flavor, and provide beer its polished shine and blaze. Not all beer is filtered. Filters arrive in many types. Many use pre-made filtration media like sheets or candles, while others use a fine powder made of, for instance, diatomite, also called diatomaceous earth or kieselguhr, which is initiated into the beer and recirculated past screens to form a filtration bed. Filters series from rough filters that eliminate much of the yeast and any solids (e.g. hops, grain particles) left in the beer, to filters tight as much as necessary to sprain color and body from the beer. Generally used filtration ratings are divided into rough, fine and sterile. Rough filtration leaves some muddiness (cloudiness) in the beer, but it is observably clearer than unfiltered beer. Well filtration grants a glass of beer that you could read a newspaper through, with no detectable muddiness. Finally, as its name involves, hygienic filtration is fine as much as necessary that almost all microorganisms in the beer are detached during the filtration process (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). Packaging: Packaging is placing the beer into the tanks in which it will depart the brewery. Normally this means in bottles and barrels, but it might contain cans or bulk tanks for high-number customers (www.sterkensbrew.be/sbm/beer_making.html). So, this is the full process of manufacturing of beer in industries but, some industries follow some additional steps at the time of manufacturing of beer. Strategic alliance Upon entering the new millennium, the UB Group became more focused on becoming the second largest marketer of Spirits products in the world. With the acquisition of Shaw Wallace Company Limited, this Division owned twelve millionaire brands. The market share of the Spirits Division in India was 50%, and exports to the Middle East, Africa, and Asian countries were growing rapidly (Cases in Strategic Management). In addition, United Breweries Limited has also enrolled into mutli-faceted strategic alliance with Scottish NewCastle Plc (SN), an international brewery major, with $6 billion in proceeds and a market capitalization of $5.4 billion. This alliance, distant from having a joint venture in India, will permit SN to market it International brand names like Kronenbourg in India, while UBL will develop SNs global network to further globalize its Kingfisher (http://www.kingfisherworld.com). Conclusion United Breweries Limited is the India based breweries and spreading all over the world with successful brand name â€Å"Kingfisher†. This brand Kingfisher has been ranked amongst the top 10 flashing raising brands in the UK (http://www.kingfisherworld.com). Another subsidiaries of UB Group United Sprits Limited is also spreading all over the world with brand name â€Å"McDowells†, McDowells No.1 is the largest selling brandy all over the world. The policies of United Breweries are suitable for Indian market and that is why this company has got a grand success with in 10 years. If this company is interested to operate in some other countries, it has to revise its policies to get success in another country which will include marketing policies and pricing policies.

Self-portraits - Van Gogh And Rembrandt Essay -- essays research paper

Each artist is an individual with a unique style, and although these styles can be similar in practice – the individuality of the artist often proves the discriminating factor for a successful artwork. Self-portraits are beneficial when looking at the individuality of the artist as there are two aspects to look at – the artist’s style, and the artist’s view of him/herself. The latter can provide a brief insight into the mental situation of the artist as well as any apparent influencing factors of the artwork. This view can often also include fragmental insights into the society and culture of the time. Rembrandt van Rijn and Vincent van Gogh are 2 artists of whom are well represented by this statement. Rembrandt was born into a Dutch society of the Baroque era . This time period influenced his style of artwork heavily as these were the Post-High Renaissance years. This meant that the accepted artworks of the society at the time were religiously based works influenced by the efforts of the Reformation which was also occurring at the time. This meant that Rembrandt painted his works using religious artwork methods such as the art of chiaroscuro, strategically planning the composition of light and dark to give the figures an enlightened or holy appearance. Therefore when Rembrandt painted self-portraits he carried over these methods, painting himself in this almost holy presence with the use of chiaroscuro. The self-portraits show a vast expressiveness that make the works succ...

A review of P. Hirsch, Globalization, Regionalization

A review of P. Hirsch, â€Å"Globalization, Regionalization and local voices: The Asian Development Bank and re-scaled politics of environment in the Mekong region† By catktd90 A review of P. Hirsch, â€Å"Globalization, Regionalization and local voices: The Asian Development Bank and re-scaled politics of environment in the Mekong region† This paper was written by Philip Hirsch who aims to examine about globalization, regionalization and its effect to local people in terms of resource and environment.This paper also considers some key issues of re-scaling resource and environmental olitics in the Mekong region, and the extent to which challenges have been recast from national to regional development agendas by illustrating case studies in Laos and Thailand (Hirsch, 2001). Throughout the paper, Hirsch illustrates an important aspect of globalization directly related to sustainability, shows a fundamental change in thinking and speaking among government official and loca l people, and shows an interesting politics of environment in Thailand, with its shifting alliances and ideas about relationship between people and nature.In recent years, globalization and egionalization has been widening all around the world. Although it has some positive points, it also brings to nation and local people some negative points. According to Michael, Globalization is manufactured as a discursive negation of the possibility if nations defining their own futures (McMichael, 1996). For Hirsch, he explores the changing resource and environmental politics of the Mekong Region in the context of regional integration, with a specific focus on the Asian Development Bank (ADS) and its Greater Mekong Sub region (GMS) programme.In the Mekong egion, Asian Development Bank force for regionalization through the specific projects it has supported that have impacted on local communities and ecosystems. Globalization and regionalization in the Mekong region are temporally and spatiall y differentiated. While Thailand has thus explicitly articulated both with globalization and ant globalization discourses, in the case of Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia, it is difficult to separate the advent of globalization; Globalization has been witnesses not only the economic growth but also the financial crisis in Mekong region.However, hese countries have been influenced by development project which supported by ADB such as dam project etc. It is believed that Dam construction impacts on local communities' livelihood and ecosystem causing many problems to environment. For example, The Nam Theun-Hinboun Dam in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PRD) is one of ADB development project. It causes the insufficient water in dry season and flood in the rainy season as well as erosion of river banks in upstream and downstream.It also impacts on the local communities' livelihood such as fisheries, crops, etc. Warren claimed that from 30 to 90 per cent of fishery-related livelihood has been lost in the main impact areas (Warren, 1999). While there are number of some scientists still believe in the benefits of the dam in development process. It is clear that the local communities have to raise their voice to protect themselves from these attacks; however, it depends on countries politic.For example, in the case of Rasi Salai Dam on the Mun river in Thailand, the Dam completed in 1994 and effected livelihood and environment of a large areas. Because its serious effects, the local people established a protest villages. The protest Joined 16 other sets of villages with grievances throughout the Northeast to Join with the Assembly of the Poor in a national protest in Bangkok and finally, they were succeeded. But In the case of Laos or Vietnam, the people cannot do something like that because of their thinking and their countrys politic.It is obvious that economic growth always cause some consequences in livelihood or environment. In this situation, to adapt with globalizat ion and regionalization many countries build many infrastructure to develop their economy, emphasize large-scale planning. Finally, these things affect heir own country seriously in terms of environment and community's livelihood. Thus, it is expected that there will be a re-scale politics and environment not only in Mekong region but also in the world.In conclusion, globalization and regionalization is an ongoing process. Thus, this process needs more sustainable solutions for both the supporter (ADB and GMS) and the country which received financial for their economic development. One country should concern more about environmental problems when conducting any development project because a development projects need balance on economic, social, and environment aspect. In addition, a country should have their suitable policy on the road of development.REFERENCES Hirsch, P. (2001). â€Å"Globalization, Regionalization and local voices: The Asian Development Bank and re-scaled politic s of environment in the Mekong region†. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 22(3), 237-251. McMichael, P. (1996). Silenced Rivers: The Ecology and Politics of Large Dams. London: Zed books. Warren, T. (1999). ‘A Monitoring study to assess the localized impacts created by the Theun- Hinboun hydro†scheme on fisheries and fish populations. Final report to the Theun- Hinboun Power Company.

Beginner German Mistake der Freund

Beginner German Mistake der Freund The word Freund in German is at times ambiguous since it can mean either friend or boyfriend. The same with Freundin, which can mean either a female friend or a girlfriend. The use of der Freund/ die Freundin relies on contextual cues to give you an accurate meaning. Consider the Following Sentences Er ist mein bester FreundMein amerikanischer FreundMein Freund HeinzEr ist ein Freund fà ¼rs LebenWir sind FreundeEr ist ein Freund von mirEr ist mein FreundEr ist ein FreundEinen festen Freund habenEin echter FreundMein echter freundHast du einen Freund?Ist er dein Freund?Hast du Freunde?Ich war mit einem Freund im Urlaub Which of the above sentences signify â€Å"friend†, which ones â€Å"boyfriend†? Fortunately, Germans have construed set phrases to differentiate between the two. To mean strictly a friend, er ist ein Freund/ sie ist eine Freundin von mir is usually said. To add more â€Å"amore†, then the possessive pronoun will be used: er ist mein Freund/sie ist meine Freundin. If you want to talk in general about a boyfriend/girlfriend, simply einen Freund haben/eine Freundin haben or einen festen Freund haben/ eine feste Freundin haben will do. For example, if you wanted to ask somebody if she has a boyfriend, you could say either Hast du einen festen Freund? or Hast du einen Freund? But remember above all, context is key. Avoid the Embarrassment In order to not mix up a friend with a boyfriend and avoid some eyebrow raising, a good rule of thumb to keep would be the following: Usually anything with a possessive pronoun such as mein (except for mein bester Freund and other phrases, see below), and fest can be safely considered to be boyfriend territory. Take note however that women are more apt to call their female friends meine Freundin, whereas men prefer to introduce their male friends as ein Freund von mir. The term ein Freund (without von mir tagged behind it) can be interpreted either way depending on the context and the speaker’s intent. Keeping all this in mind, the aforementioned phrases could be translated as follows: Er ist mein bester Freund. (He is my best friend.)Mein amerikanischer Freund. (My American boyfriend)Mein Freund Heinz. (My boyfriend Heinz)Er ist ein Freund fà ¼rs Leben. (He is a friend for life.)Wir sind Freunde. (We are friends.)Er ist ein Freund von mir. (He is a friend of mine.)Er ist mein Freund. (He is my boyfriend.)Mein guter Freund. (My good friend.)Er ist ein Freund. (He is a friend.)Einen festen Freund haben. (To have a boyfriend.)Ein echter Freund. (A true friend.)Mein echter Freund. (My true friend/My real boyfriend.)Hast du einen Freund? (Do you have a boyfriend?)Ist er dein Freund? (Is he your boyfriend?)Hast du Freunde? (Do you have friends?)Ich war mit einem Freund im Urlaub. (I was on vacation with a friend.) Why the Ambiguity? It is interesting to note that the Old High German word for Freund, namely friunt as well as the Middle High German vriunt was used interchangeably with both close friends and relatives even up till the 1700s. The meaning of Freund can be traced back to the pre-Old High German word frijond which was the present participle of the verb frijon, ‘to love’. Further, Germans tend to use the word Freund less liberally than Americans, since ein Freund is really reserved for close friends. In less close-knit friendships, the other person is often considered by Germans to be â€Å"ein Bekannter† or â€Å"ein Kumpel.† Synonyms for Freund: der Kamerad, der Kumpel, der Kollege, der Gefhrte, die/der Atze (Berlin).Synonyms for Freund as Boyfriend/Girlfriend: der Geliebte/die Geliebte, der Lebenspartner/ die Lebenspartnerin, der Lebensgefhrte/ die Lebensgefhrtin.Expressions with Freund: das Freund-Feind-Denken an â€Å"if you’re not for us, you’re against us† way of thinkingDas habe ich ihm unter Freunden gesagt that was just between the two of us

Yeha - Saba (Sheba) Kingdom Site in Ethiopia

Yeha - Saba' (Sheba) Kingdom Site in Ethiopia Yeha is a large Bronze Age archaeological site located about 15 miles (25 km) northeast of the modern town of Adwa in Ethiopia. It is the largest and most impressive archaeological site in the Horn of Africa showing evidence of contact with South Arabia, leading some scholars to describe Yeha and other sites as precursors to the Aksumite civilization. Fast Facts: Yeha Yeha is a large Bronze Age site in the Ethiopian Horn of Africa, established in the first millennium BCE.  Surviving structures include a temple, an elite residence and a set of rock-cut shaft tombs.  The builders were Sabaean, people from an Arabian kingdom in Yemen, thought to be the ancient land of Sheba. The earliest occupation at Yeha dates to the first millennium BCE. Surviving monuments include a well-preserved Great Temple, a palace perhaps an elite residence called Grat Beal Gebri, and the Daro Mikael cemetery of rock-cut shaft-tombs. Three artifact scatters probably representing residential settlements have been identified within a few kilometers of the main site but have not to date been investigated. The builders of Yeha were part of the Sabaean culture, also known as Saba, speakers of an old South Arabian language whose kingdom was based in Yemen and who are thought to have been what the Judeo-Christian bible names as the land of Sheba, whose powerful Queen is said to have visited Solomon. Chronology at Yeha Yeha I: 8th–7th centuries BCE. Earliest structure located at the palace at Grat Beal Gebri; and a small temple where the Great Temple would be constructed later.Yeha II: 7th–5th centuries BCE. Great Temple and the palace at Grat Beal Gebri built, elite cemetery at Daro Mikael begun.Yeha III: Late first millennium BCE. Late phase of construction at Grat Beal Gebri, tombs T5 and T6 at Daro Mikael. Great Temple of Yeha The Great Temple of Yeha is also known as the Almaqah Temple because it was dedicated to Almaqah, the moon god of the Saba kingdom. Based on construction similarities to others in the Saba region, the Great Temple was likely built in the 7th century BCE. The 46x60 foot (14x18 meter) structure stands 46 ft (14 m) high and was constructed of well-made ashlar (cut stone) blocks measuring up to 10 ft (3 m) long. The ashlar blocks fit together tightly without mortar, which, say scholars, contributed to the structures preservation over 2,600 years after it was built. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery and enclosed by a double wall. Foundation fragments of an earlier temple have been identified beneath the Great Temple and likely date to the 8th century BCE. The temple is located on an elevated location next to a Byzantine church (built 6th c CE) which is higher still. Some of the temple stones were borrowed to build the Byzantine church, and scholars suggest there may have been an older temple where the new church was built. Construction Characteristics The Great Temple is a rectangular building, and it was marked by a double-denticulate (toothed) frieze that still survives in places on its northern, southern, and eastern faà §ades. The faces of the ashlars display typical Sabaean stone masonry, with smoothed margins and a pecked center, similar to those at the Saba kingdom capitals such as the Almaqah Temple at Sirwah and the Awam Temple in Marib. In front of the building was a platform with six pillars (called a propylon), which provided access to a gate, a broad wooden door frame, and double doors. The narrow entrance led to an interior with five aisles created by four rows of three squarish pillars. The two side aisles in the north and south were covered by a ceiling and above it was a second story. The central aisle was open to the sky. Three wooden-walled chambers of equal size were located at the eastern end of the temple interior. Two additional cultic rooms extended out from the central chamber. A drainage system leading to a hole in the southern wall was inserted into the floor to assure that the temple interior was not flooded by rainwater. Palace at Grat Be'al Gebri The second monumental structure at Yeha is named Grat Beal Gebri, sometimes spelled as Great Baal Guebry. It is located a short distance from the Great Temple but in a comparatively poor state of preservation. The buildings dimensions were likely 150x150 ft (46x46 m) square, with a raised platform (podium) of 14.7 ft (4.5 m) high, itself built of volcanic rock ashlars. The exterior faà §ade had projections at the corners. The front of the building once also had a propylon with six pillars, the bases of which have been preserved. The stairs leading up to the propylon are missing, although the foundations are visible. Behind the propylon, there was a huge gate with a narrow opening, with two massive stone doorposts. Wooden beams were inserted horizontally along the walls and penetrating into them. Radiocarbon dating of the wooden beams dates construction between early 8th–late 6th centuries BCE. Necropolis of Daro Mikael The cemetery at Yeha consists of six rock-cut tombs. Each tomb was accessed via a staircase along 8.2 ft (2.5 m) deep vertical shafts with one grave chamber on each side. The entrances to the tombs were originally blocked by rectangular stone panels, and other stone panels sealed the shafts at the surface, and then all was covered by a mound of stone rubble. A stone enclosure fenced in the tombs, although it is unknown whether they were roofed or not. The chambers were up to 13 ft (4 m) in length and 4 ft (1.2 m) in height and were originally used for multiple burials, but all were looted in antiquity. Some displaced skeletal fragments and broken grave goods (clay vessels and beads) were found; based on grave goods and similar tombs at other Saba sites, the tombs probably date to the 7th–6th c BCE. Arabian Contacts at Yeha Yeha period III has traditionally been identified as a pre-Axumite occupation, based primarily on the identification of evidence for contact with South Arabia. Nineteen fragmentary inscriptions on stone slabs, altars and seals have been found at Yeha written in a South Arabian script. However, excavator Rodolfo Fattovich notes that the South Arabian ceramics and related artifacts recovered from Yeha and other sites in Ethiopia and Eritrea are a small minority and do not support the presence of a consistent South Arabian community. Fattovich and others believe that these do not represent a precursor to the Axumite civilization. The first professional studies at Yeha involved a small excavation by the Deutsche Axum-Expedition in 1906, then part of the Ethiopian Institute of Archaeology excavations in the 1970s led by F. Anfrayin. In the 21st century, investigations have been conducted by the Sanaa Branch of the Orient Department of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI) and the Hafen City University of Hamburg. Sources Fattovich, Rodolfo, et al. Archaeological Expedition at Aksum (Ethiopia) of the University of Naples Lorientale - 2010 Field Season: Seglamen. Naples: Universit degli studi di Napoli LOrientale, 2010. Print.Harrower, Michael J., and A. Catherine D’Andrea. Landscapes of State Formation: Geospatial Analysis of Aksumite Settlement Patterns (Ethiopia). African Archaeological Review 31.3 (2014): 513–41. Print.Japp, Sarah, et al. Yeha and Hawelti: Cultural Contacts between Saba and Dmt; New Research by the German Archaeological Institute in Ethiopia. Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 41 (2011): 145–60. Print.Lindstaedt, M., et al. Virtual Reconstruction of the Almaqah Temple of Yeha in Ethiopia by Terrestrial Laser Scanning. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 38.5/W16 (2011): 199–203. Print.Phillipson, David W. Foundations of an African Civilisation: Aksum the Northern Horn 1000 BC–A D 1300. Suffolk, Great Britain: James Currey, 2012. Print. Wolf, Pawel, and Ulrike Nowotnick. The Almaqah Temple of . Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 40 (2010): 367–80. Print.Meqaber Gaewa near Wuqro (Tigray, Ethiopia)

HRD program Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

HRD program - Assignment Example Out of several external consultants contacted, a senior consultant in the industry, Mr. Watson, proposed a training program on behaviour based safety. Mr. Watson supported his argument by pointing out that only 15 to 20% of industrial accidents are caused by unsafe conditions. The remaining accidents are all caused by unsafe behaviour. Among the accidents caused by unsafe behaviour, a greater number of accidents are caused by negligence (that includes cutting corners to save time or allowing comfort, convenience or complacency to affect job performance) than due to ignorance (lack of education, training or experience). Mr. Watson made a valid point. All of the employees in the organisation were trained on safety and security at work. However, they were not trained on behaviour based safety. Thus, Mr. Baker chose to train the operations team on behaviour based safety. When HR department checked the credibility of Mr. Watson, they found that he had conducted several training programs o n the topic and had a long list of credible clients. Since there was nobody in the organisation who could train on behaviour based safety, Mr. Watson was selected to provide the training. Need Assessment After determining which training was needed, HR wanted to know who needed the training (person analysis). This need assessment exercise was also necessary to define the objectives of the training program. For the purpose, Mr. Watson devised a need assessment exercise—a questionnaire that was administered to a random sample of 50 workers. To increase the credibility of the exercise, it was kept anonymous. The questionnaire contained the following questions: What is your role in the organisation? What do you like about the organisation? What does the organisation do well? What you think about the safety culture of the organisation? How would you rate the safety culture of the organisation on a scale of 1-10? What are some of the best things about the safety management system? W hat are the gaps in safety culture- process/ system/ behaviour? What makes you frustrated or unhappy at times? Do you understand the need for getting feedback on safety lapses? How frequently are you provided feedback related to safety? The answers to these questions alarmed Mr. Baker. Workers did not perceive the factory area as a completely safe place. They agreed that they take shortcuts due to deadline pressures even though they know that it is risky. They do not get feedback on behaviour based safety lapses. Achieving targets and goals are celebrated, while safe working habits are not considered by the frontline and middle level management. All this indicated that the gap between what is and what ought to be begins with the frontline and middle level management. Hence, there is need to train 5 operations managers and 20 supervisors on behaviour based safety. These trainees will further increase awareness amongst the other employees by sharing the training with them. Objectives of the Training Program The objectives of the program are as follows: 1. Understanding what behaviour based safety is and the need to change behaviour to make the workplace secure. 2. Analysing the factors that helped other organizations reduce workplace hazards. 3. Knowing how to make sustainable changes in behaviour that would lead towards workplace safety. 4. Preparing an action plan on introducing the behaviour based safety techniques in the organisatio

Catheter associated urinary tract infections Term Paper

Catheter associated urinary tract infections - Term Paper Example . The use of the urinary catheter has some side effects such as kidney failure or even weakening of the body’s general defense mechanism. The kidneys are responsible for filtering the urine so as to make urine, and when there is an infection, especially an untreated infection, it might lead to kidney failure. This tube is usually used when there a person cannot urinate on their own, and hence this tube is inserted to help drain the urine. It can also be used when there is need and essence to establish the amount of urine that a person’s body makes, especially when the person is hospitalized. The tube can also be used when carrying out kidney and bladder tests, and when performing some surgeries (Gotelli et al, 2008). This tube has been associated with urinary tract infections, with some of the signs of the infections being blood in urine, frequent but painful urination after the catheter has been removed and lower abdominal pain. The use of catheter tubes is at times co nsidered a risk to patient safety due to the high rate of infections. The tube provides a more direct access for bacteria and other infectious organisms into the bladder (Bernard, Hunter and Moore, 2012). The after and long term effects of the use of the catheter tube might be very adverse, and this necessitates the need for a solution, an alternative or an intervention. Intervention The adverse effects resulting from the use of the urinary tract catheter shows that there is need for intervention. In this case, the suggested intervention to aid in the reduction of the effects is proposed in several ways. The use of indwelling catheters use only follow after the patients records have been checked and it has been determined that it is a must for the catheter to be used (Bernard, Hunter and Moore, 2012). If there is another way of administering treatment without using the tube on the patient, then this should be adopted. It also follows that the catheter should be removed from the pati ent’s body as soon as possible to minimize the chances of infection. In addition, the direct staff and all nurses should ensure that they are properly trained on handling the catheter. This includes frequent and thorough washing of hands before and after handling the catheter. Gotelli et al (2008) clearly propose that the se of external catheters in intermittent urethral catherization might be part of the intervention. Urethral catherization is very sensitive and is among the leading causes of urinary tract infections. By the health staff gaining enough competence concerning how to handle and use the catheter, chances are that the cases of the infection might probably reduce. The doctors and other health staff have become too used to the urinary tract infections such that introducing the intervention might not be too easy (Gotelli et al, 2008). Competence Outcome and Performance Assessment model To investigate and potentially assess the interventions, the Competence Outcomes and Performance Outcome theoretical approach and framework shall be used. This model has been earlier on been applied in academic and non-academic institutions, and has succeeded in works environment, especially the health industry since it is encourages adopting the environment in contemporary living (Lenburg, 1999). It is a model that seeks not to change the traditional way of learning but to make learning, in all academic and

Public Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Public Law - Essay Example In United States, the Supreme Court argued that those penalized for lifetime imprisonment, are maybe disenfranchised for failing to exercise their right to vote, but that remain part of the punitive measures. 2 Karlan (2002), like other advocate, contend that â€Å"lifetime disenfranchisement as a punishment is extremely disproportionate to the offenses for which it often imposed.† 3 To some extent, this view was reverberated in the controversial case Hirst v UK 20054, where a felon raised a question of law in the international court and assailed that UK’s electoral policy is in conflict to international human rights standards and to universally adopted principles for total rehabilitation or reformation of felons. 5 1. Hirst: Rising for his rights Hirst6 was penalized for lifetime imprisonment in 1980 for the commission of manslaughter based on medical evidences presented for adjudication. His tariff expired in 1994 but he remained in detention because the Parole Board considered him dangerous. Barred to vote under Representation of the People Act 1983 as a felon, he challenged the law based on Human Rights Act 1998 and argued that the provision prohibiting him to exercise his right to suffrage is contrary to European Convention on Human Rights. However, at the Divisional Court in 2001, Lord Justice Kennedy7 decided that prisoners forfeited the right to participate in political affairs for his country because â€Å"removal from society means removal from the privileges of society†. 8 Such incarceration and subsequent depravity of practicing his civil rights, particularly the right to vote, is also practiced in Europe, western countries and in other democratic Asian nations. In UK, this policy take its historic root from Section 4 of the Representation of the People Act 1969 that was substantially inspired by Forfeiture Act 1870, a law that impose â€Å"civic death† for convicted criminals. 9 True, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) stipulated the protection of every citizen for opportunity regardless of distinction and to participate in the conduct of public affairs including election. But on the same context, the populace is also legally protected for security, an inherent right for self- preservation from harm and against dangerous and convicted criminals. This indeed demand advocates to imperatively balance the appreciation of rights. For while prisoners, deprived of liberty, are treated humanely with his inherent dignity as a person, but his other civil rights are temporarily curtailed with the intent of rehabilitating and reforming him from grievous offense until he will be mainstream back to the society after completing his sentence.† 10 Inside the penology’s confines, a felon may require expert therapy to diagnose his problems and needs, inclusive of psychological, spiritual and medical aspects while in the process of reformation. 11 Clearly, it is the intent of the state to penalize a convicted felon by suspending some of his civil rights to reform him but legal luminaries